Synthesis Essay Question Essays

Amalgamation Essay Question Essays Amalgamation Essay Question Essay Amalgamation Essay Question Essay Paper Topic: Amalgamation Theory Name: Teacher: Course: Date: Amalgamation Essay Question The narratives, â€Å"Identities†? what's more, â€Å"Mistaken Identity†?, are commonly comparable since they portray the outcomes experienced by the distinctive principle characters with respect to their mixed up personalities. The sonnet â€Å"Mistaken Identity†?, by Alden Nowlan shows two unique circumstances where two ladies botch the hero for an individual they knew and depict closeness for him whom the ladies see him to be is altogether off-base. Then again, the short story, â€Å"Identities†?, by W.D Valgardson depicts the results met by the hero, a working class parent, with respect to the issue of wrong personality. So as to set the mind-set for the two artistic works concerning the topic, different tones have been utilized to explain. Incongruity, dejection and nervousness are the principle tones apparent in the accounts. To empower investigation of the composed works, it is imperative to survey the various varieties in tone in the accounts. The two compositions show an assortment of tones, which exhibits the outcomes of mixed up personality. One of the principle tones obvious in the two stories is depression. In â€Å"Mistaken Identity†?, isolation is apparent where a chunky lady who possessed an aroma like brew moves toward the hero. The lady kisses him and the hero expresses that he is solitary and was nearly enticed to expect the personality that the lady was suggesting. It is expressed, â€Å"and I was so lonesome†? (Nowlan, 15) indicating the protagonist†s dejection. The hero affirms his misery by hesitantly pronouncing to the primary lady that he is erroneously distinguished trusting that the lady will keep communicating her sentiments of closeness. This is confirm where he says, Abefore I talked, she had understood that and was driving me away? (Nowlan, 25-26). Cases of depression are additionally obvious in â€Å"Identities†?. In the story, the hero encounters sentiments of isolation. This is demonstrated where the hero feels like incidentally surrendering the solaces of the suburb. He chooses to forlorn investigate without having any goal at the top of the priority list. This is demonstrated in two occurrences where the creator states, â€Å"wakes in him a longing to briefly surrender the twice-cut yards and hundred-year-old oaks†? (Valgardson, 1-2) and when he states, â€Å"He doesn't hustle for he has no goal? (Valgardson, 1-2) which avow the hero isolation. The two pieces use dejection so as to permit the peruser feel the mind-set of the heroes. Variety in tone that is additionally distinguished in the two stories is uneasiness. In Mistaken Identity?, the hero responds contrastingly to the lady warm welcome by maintaining a strategic distance from her hurriedly through getting some distance from her as though she was presenting risk, which is confirmed when the hero states, â€Å"I immediately dismissed? (Nowlan, 39-41). The hero additionally communicates pressure where he chooses to distinguish himself effectively to the principal lady who had likewise erroneously recognized him as her sweetheart, Walter. So as to maintain a strategic distance from the outcomes that could emerge from his mixed up character, the hero chooses to tell the lady his genuine personality. He states, â€Å"what I did was murmur something about there being a mistake†? (Nowlan, 20-23). Tension is likewise clear in â€Å"Identities†?. The tone is portrayed by the hero uncovers pressure when he sees a gathering of dubious looking individ uals. This is indicated where the creator states, â€Å"he trusts his day old facial hair which he strokes upward with the impact point of his hand†? (Valgardson, 8) which insists his anxiety of him being robbed. Uneasiness decides the choices the heroes settled on in their separate and various choices. Incongruity is likewise another tone that is distinguished in the two accounts. For example, in â€Å"Mistaken Identity†?, the hero states, â€Å"It’s great here and there to be confused with another person, in spite of the fact that it for the most part closes badly†? (Nowlan, 5). This demonstrates verbal incongruity in which the hero recognizes that being erroneously distinguished is disadvantageous and yet declares that it is profitable to be perceived as someone else. In a similar story, incongruity is likewise observed where the hero appreciates the consideration of being erroneously recognized as Davie, yet he chooses to maintain a strategic distance from the consideration despite the fact that it is alarming. He states, â€Å"Then, on the grounds that I needed all her grinning at me, affectionately, I immediately turned away†(Nowlan, 35-40). Incongruity is additionally noted in â€Å"Identities† where the hero is slaughtered by the cop, rathe r than the gathering of individuals that were outside the little store. An incongruity of circumstance happens towards the finish of the story when â€Å"He is so goal upon the three men and the young lady that he doesn't see the squad car float against the control, nor the official who is progressing with a gun in his hand†?(Valgardson, 10-11) and â€Å"Instinctively unwinding, sure of his security, in the last deliberate development of his life, he arrives at his hand not noticeable all around as he was requested to, however toward his wallet for his identity†? (Valgardson, 10-11), the creator delineates the protagonist† unexpected passing. Incongruity assumes a significant job in delineating the outcomes of mixed up personality. The two stories observably expense the topic of character and its results. In â€Å"Mistaken Identity†, character assumes a job in the distinguishing proof of the hero. The story delineates the hero † status as mixed up. The primary model is seen where the chubby lady inaccurately distinguishes the hero as Walter. In the subsequent model, a young lady as Davie erroneously distinguishes the hero. In â€Å"Identities†, the outcomes of personality are seen by the hero is viewed as a criminal because of his unshaved facial hair, differentiating clothing and the way that he was driving a Mercedes Benz. He winds up being shot by the cop who erroneously arranges him as a vehicle criminal. To take into consideration the advancement of the topic, incongruity, forlornness and uneasiness are utilized to embody the primary subject of the tales since the tones assume a job in building up the jobs of personality in the two stories. Nowlan, Alden. â€Å"Mistaken Identity.† Selected Poems. Ed. Patrick Lane and Lorna Crozier. Harmony: House of Anansi Press, 1996. 72. Print Valgardson, W.D. â€Å"Identities.† What Can’t Be Changed Shouldn’t Be Mourned: Short Stories. Ed. W.D Valgardson. Vancouver: Douglas and McIntyre, 1995. 56. Print.

The Little Prince Essay Free Essays

Lee Hyeon Ju Ms. Sarah Jane ELSEO November 23, 2012 The little sovereign The little ruler has imagery, it helps individuals about importance to remember life. Anthoine de Saint Exupery utilizes imagery to show the peruser. We will compose a custom article test on The Little Prince Essay or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now Right off the bat, the lord represents how force is pointless. The fox represents love and the desert bloom is importance of religion. Antoine de holy person Exupery utilizes imagery to train the peruser importance of life. He utilizes the lord to speak to about force is futile, the fox to show love and the lower to represent religion. The lord symblizes how force is pointless. The principal motivation behind why force is futile for the ruler is on the grounds that he lives alone on a planet. In any event, when the lord tires to control the dusk the little sovereign acknowledges he can not control it. With the end goal for somebody to have power they should have subjects who hear them out. accordingly power is pointless in light of the fact that nobody is heavily influenced by him except if they choose to be. The fox represents love. The primary motivation behind why the fox represents love is on the grounds that he let little sovereign realizes how to tame one another. The little sovereign knows how association is significant in an elationship. The fox instructed him to know undetectable things more significant than obvious in our eyes. â€Å"What is basic is imperceptible to the eye. † Because the fox and, little ruler could recollect when they see same shade of them they can reminds one another. The desert blossom represents religion. The main mot ivation behind why the desert blossom represents love is on the grounds that the bloom roots importance of conviction . Conviction is makes individuals solid their psyche it isn't undetectable to outside, yet it affected so much simply like plant’s roots. Likewise, the desert importance of the hard life. †but never realizes where to discover them. The breeze overwhelms them. † The bloom had once observed a train passing ,the seven men blowed away in light of the fact that they didn't have roots like a blossom. All in all, the little ruler make individuals think about importance of life. In the first place, the lord show individuals pointless of intensity and the fox show love, and desert bloom is represents of religion. Numerous individuals would know how significant to peruse this book since they find significant exercise from it. The most effective method to refer to The Little Prince Essay, Essay models

The Blind Men and The Elephant

The Blind Men and The Elephant A long time ago in the valley of the Brahmaputra River in India there lived six men who were much inclined to boast of their wit and lore. Though they were no longer young and had all been blind since birth, they would compete with each other to see who could tell the tallest story.One day, however, they fell to arguing. The object of their dispute was the elephant. Now, since each was blind, none had ever seen that mighty beast of whom so many tales are told. So, to satisfy their minds and settle the dispute, they decided to go and seek out an elephant.Having hired a young guide, Dookiram by name, they set out early one morning in single file along the forest track, each placing his hands on the back of the man in front. It was not long before they came to a forest clearing where a huge bull elephant, quite tame, was standing contemplating his menu for the day. The six blind men became quite excited; at last they would satisfy their minds. Thus it was that the men took turns to inv estigate the elephants shape and form.As all six men were blind, neither of them could see the whole elephant and approached the elephant from different directions. After encountering the elephant, each man proclaimed in turn:O my brothers, the first man at once cried out, it is as sure as I am wise that this elephant is like a great mud wall baked hard in the sun.Now, my brothers, the second man exclaimed with a cry of dawning recognition, I can tell you what shape this elephant is he is exactly like a spear.The others smiled in disbelief.Why, dear brothers, do you not see, said the third man, this elephant is very much like a rope, he shouted.Ha, I thought as much, the fourth man declared excitedly, this elephant much resembles a serpent.The others snorted their contempt.Good gracious, brothers, the fifth man called out, even a blind man can see what shape the elephant resembles most. Why hes mightily like a fan.At last, it was the turn of the sixth old fellow and he proclaimed,  This sturdy pillar, brothers, mine, feels exactly like the trunk of a great areca palm tree.Of course, no one believed him.Their curiosity satisfied, they all linked hands and followed the guide, Dookiram, back to the village. Once there, seated beneath a waving palm, the six blind men began disputing loud and long. Each now had his own opinion, firmly based on his own experience, of what an elephant is really like. For after all, each had felt the elephant for himself and knew that he was right!And so indeed he was. For depending on how the elephant is seen, each blind man was partly right, though all were in the wrong.Submitted by Camilia Riordan, 1986, pp. 30-33An ancient and well known fable from India. What do the blind men have to teach us?The 6 Blind Men and The Elephant

Definition and Examples of Lexicography

Lexicography is the process of writing, editing, and/or compiling a dictionary.  An author or editor of a dictionary is called a lexicographer. The processes involved in the compilation and implementation of digital dictionaries (such as Merriam-Webster Online)  is known as  e-lexicography. The fundamental difference between lexicography and linguistics, says Sven Tarp, is that they have two completely different subject fields: The subject field of linguistics is language, whereas the subject field of lexicography is dictionaries and lexicographic works in general (Beyond Lexicography in  Lexicography at a Crossroads, 2009).In 1971, historical linguist and lexicographer Ladislav Zgusta published the first major international handbook on lexicography, Manual of Lexicography, which remains the standard text in the field. Etymology: From the Greek, word write Pronunciation: LEK-si-KOG-ra-fee Beginnings of English Lexicography The beginnings of English lexicography go back to the Old English period . . .. The language of the Roman Church was Latin; its priests and monks needed to be competent in Latin in order to conduct services and to read the Bible . . .. As English monks studied these Latin manuscripts, they would sometimes write the English translation above (or below) a Latin word in the text, to help their own learning, and as a guide to subsequent readers. These one-word translations, written between the lines of a manuscript, are called interlinear glosses; they are seen as the beginnings of (bilingual) lexicography. (Howard Jackson, Lexicography: An Introduction. Routledge, 2002) Samuel Johnson (1709-1784) and English Lexicography I am not yet so lost in lexicography, as to forget that words are the daughters of earth and that things are the sons of heaven.(Samuel Johnson)[Samuel] Johnson was not only innovative in his use of 114,000 citations to prove his definitions and the usage of words and connotations. He also noted the author who had first used a word or collocation and who had last used an obsolete word. He also took the liberty of adding prescriptive commentaries whenever there was doubt about usage.(Piet Van van Sterkenburg, A Practical Guide to Lexicography. John Benjamins, 2003) English Lexicography in the 20th Century In the English language area, the lexical orientation has long remained historical. The first edition of the Concise Oxford Dictionary, by H.W. and F.G. Fowler, dates from 1911 and leans heavily on [James] Murrays New English Dictionary on Historical Principles [later renamed the Oxford English Dictionary]. It was also due to the fact that the first supplement to the OED was published in 1933 and the second was in preparation from 1950 onwards, to be published in four thick volumes under the general editorship of Robert Burchfield. Incidentally, that supplement did include swear words, sexual terms, colloquial speech etc.Innovations in the English lexicography were to be seen in the dictionaries by Longman and Collins, based on contemporary corpora of electronic texts and anchored entirely in a database structure. . . .In 1988, the first edition of the OED was made available on CD-ROM and the second edition in 1992.(Piet van Sterkenburg, The Dictionary: Definition and History. A Prac tical Guide to Lexicography, edited by Piet Van Sterkenburg. John Benjamins, 2003) Crowdsourcing and Contemporary Lexicography Websites such as those for Urban Dictionary and Wiktionary . . . offer what is known as bottom-up lexicography, placing ordinary speakers and writers at the core of the ways in which the dictionaries in question are to be made. The definition of dictionary-making which such sites present can be particularly telling. Lexicography: The art of making a dictionary. Anyone who adds to urbandictionary.com [sic] is a lexicographer, a post on Urban Dictionary proclaims. (Lynda Mugglestone, Dictionaries: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2011)A small thing in the larger world perhaps but Collins, the dictionary publisher, may have set a revolution going. If so its because they just announced the first instance of a dictionary allowing input not only from the usual suspects--staff lexicographers--but from the public, or to use the pertinent language: the crowd.Crowdsourcing . . . is first recorded in 2004. The philosophy of the more the merrier. And more creative. Now that ta sk could include lexicography. . . .For the last couple of months, Collins has thrown open their files to all-comers. Suggest a word that qualifies for their dictionary and wins a prize! Examples include Twittersphere, sexting, cyberstalking and captcha. . . .Such shout-outs are the antithesis of traditional lexicography. . . . If the dictionary-maker is a humble archivist while the lexicon is being created, they become a deity--or at least a cut-rate Moses--once it appears and becomes a source of supposedly trustworthy information. . . .Letting in the street will end no worlds but will it improve the quality of dictionaries? Form as ever faces off content. The form can be democratic as all hell, but in lexicon-land, surely the content is what matters. . . .Reference should be online. The opportunities for presentation, for breadth of information and for sophisticated searches that would be impossible in a print dictionary are too good to miss. But if reference is to remain useful t hen it cannot become amateur hour. (Jonathon Green, Dictionaries Are Not Democratic. The Observer, September 13, 2012) The Lighter Side of Lexicography LEXICOGRAPHER, n. A pestilent fellow who, under the pretense of recording some particular stage in the development of a language, does what he can to arrest its growth, stiffen its flexibility and mechanize its methods. (Ambrose Bierce, The Devils Dictionary, 1911)

Experiment Reveiw of Piagets Conservation Tasks - 812 Words

Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, made substantial findings in intellectual development. His Cognitive Theory influenced both the fields of education and psychology. Piaget identified four major periods of cognitive development: the sensorimotor stage, the preoperational stage, the concrete operations stage, and the stage of formal operations. The preoperational stage includes children two to four years of age and is characterized by the development and refinement of schemes for symbolic representation. During the preoperational stage lies, what Piaget coined, the intuitive period. This phase occurs during the ages of 4-7 and during this time, the child’s thinking is largely centered on the way things appear to be rather than on†¦show more content†¦The third conversation consisted of two equal balls of clay. I asked Daniel if the balls of checkers were equal or if one ball had more clay in it than the other ball. He looked at them closely but then nod and rep lied that they were both equal. Then I squeezed one ball of clay in front of him into a flattened ball. I asked him if one had more clay or if they were of equal value. He told me that the longer, more flat clay had more clay in it. For the final conversation I placed two sticks of equal length and placed them side by side. I asked him which one was longer and he told me they were the same length. I moved one stick farther up the table and asked him the same question again. This time he told me that the stick that was farther up the table was longer than the other stick. Daniel was obviously in the stage of preoperational because he could not understand the idea that I was not manipulating the amount of objects just changing the appearance. Once Daniel is able to understand this concept he will be able to move into Piaget’s concrete operational stage. In the concrete operational stage the child is now mature enough to use logical thought or operations (i.e. rules) but can only apply logic to physical objects. During this stage Piaget’s law of conservation and reversibility come into play. This means that the child will learn that

Non-Accounting Majors Free Essays

Various accounting principles plays vital role in the success of efficient management of inventories of any companies. Inventories are important aspect of the company since it is the one the determines the available raw materials for the production of the organization, or it could be that it determine the available stocks of the company on their warehouses to be distributed to the market (Robertson, 1998). So much with the importance of inventory management, let us now pay more attention on the importance of accounting to inventory management. We will write a custom essay sample on Non-Accounting Majors or any similar topic only for you Order Now Well, the idea of check and balance of accounting could be used by managers assigned in inventory management. Inventories must be checked every now and then depending on the need of the company, the demand and supplies of raw materials must be on balance in order not to affect the operation of the business. Moreover, inventory managers having knowledge in accounting would enables them to determine the allowable level of ending inventories by the end of every period so as to make the financial condition as well as the assets to be stable. There are also times that there are inventories that are non-taxable, therefore, the inventory manager must know how to present those non-taxable inventories to the accountant of the company. The inventory manager should know this kind of principles in order not for the company to pay too much tax and for the smooth flow of data transfer from one department to another since the inventory manager has to identify first those non-taxable inventories before presenting the report to the accounting division. With this, even simply knowledge in accounting would give companies chances of working things smoothly. I am not saying that inventory managers have to acquire accounting studies as well. But the mere basic principles of accounting would be just enough for us to perform our responsibilities well and to avoid committing mistakes as to the proper ways of presenting the needed data of various departments of the organization. REFERENCE Robertson, L. (1998). Managing Inventory [Electronic Version], 1. Retrieved 9-20-07 from http://www.asashop.org/autoinc/july98/mech.htm. Â   Â   How to cite Non-Accounting Majors, Essay examples

Referencing Sources

The previous post talks about the importance of researching information for your articles. It is also important to give credit to your sources, especially if the information is not common knowledge. So, what is the proper way to credit sources? You may credit your sources using any style format you prefer – MLA, APA, etc., as long as you maintain a consistent format for all your sources. It is best to use endnotes/works cited/bibliography, rather than footnotes. If you must cite websites, drop the http://www. prefix from the web address. It is best to indicate, via the short summary, that your article contains legitimate references. This can pique buyer’s interest if you show you have researched your article. However, if your references lists is simply a cursory inventory of websites you visited while looking up information to include in your article, refrain using this as a selling point – a customer may feel mislead if the work does not contain specific references to authoritative sources when the author has indicated that references are included.

Authors Choice Leader Member Exchange Model

Authors Choice Leader Member Exchange Model Abstract The essay examines how Abraham Lincoln’s leadership style can be analyzed using Leader Member Exchange model. The essay shows various facets of Lincoln’s character, which score high on LMX. Further, it also shows that his leadership style was transformational in nature.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Author’s Choice: Leader Member Exchange Model specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More History holds account of many great leaders and one of them, undoubtedly, is Abraham Lincoln. This paper will study Abraham Lincoln’s leadership style using the Leader-Member Exchange Theory (LMX). The paper first explains the LMX model, and then demonstrates how the model explains Lincoln’s leadership style. LMX theory follows the basic principle of forming two groups around a leader – the inner group and the outer group. The followers belonging to the inner group of the leader immediately g ain greater responsibility, attention, and rewards. On the other hand, the followers belonging to the outer group receive less attention and rewards. The followers belonging to the inner circle of the leader directly communicate with the leader and the leader allows special treatment for them. In analyzing a leadership style using the LMX, it must be noted that a leader’s relationship with each follower is analyzed using a dyad. Each of the links or relationships will differ in their very nature. For instance, a leader may have poor relation with one of his/her followers, yet enjoy an open and trusting relation with others. Further, LMX leadership model helps in developing transformational leadership, as the model stresses highly on relationship of the leader with his/her followers. Thus, a leader who scores high in LMX model will help in transforming followers and motivate them to assume leadership roles. The leader gets an opportunity to deliver his visions to his close fol lowers. Hence, this helps in developing charismatic leaders. Quality LMX leads to satisfaction of the followers increasing their commitment and performance towards the leader’s goal. Further, a high LMX can transform the whole work-experience of a follower.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Abraham Lincoln was open to ideas. He adapted to situations quickly. He listened to his followers and was ready to act on the suggestions of his followers. This shows that Lincoln had positive relationship with his followers. However, in his relationships with his followers one must not forget that Lincoln was a constitutional leader and he, at times, had to work alone, as has been observed in the issue related to the abolition of slavery. Lincoln was criticized by many radical leaders of the time, as they believed that he was a ‘soft’ leader. Many believed that slavery was not abolished immediately because of Lincoln’s tepid decision-making . They believed that Lincoln took soft stance by not adopting emancipation in 1862. The radicals, who evidently belonged to the outer group of Lincoln, believed that Lincoln’s pragmatic decision making was not enough. However, Lincoln’s in-group believed that his decision relied on a broader perspective. Lincoln’s leadership style was that of a military commander who drove his followers to war. Nevertheless, he was not autocratic. Rather, he was a flexible and responsive leader. Further, Lincoln was a transformational leader who did not rely on overpowering his civilian subjects. When some suggested that force should be used to squash a rebellion, Lincoln dismissed the idea, even though it made him appear to be a hardline politician instead of a libertine. According to LMX model, in such a situation Lincoln should have pacified a few of his followers instead of following his individ ual decision. Abraham Lincoln was definitely a great leader. His leadership style was that of a calculative, shrewd politician with a great vision. Maybe he was not successful in delivering his vision to his followers and at times fell short of charisma. Nevertheless, he had a very strong band of followers. References Lunenburg, F. C. (2010). Leader-Member Exchange Theory: Another Perspective on the Leadership Process. International Journal of Management, Business, and Administration, 13 (1), 1-5.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Author’s Choice: Leader Member Exchange Model specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Schneider, T. E. (2007). Lincoln and Leadership. Perspectives on Political Science, 36 (2), 69-72.

Required Courses for Law School

Required Courses for Law School Law school applicants should have a variety of courses on their transcripts, including studies in the areas of business, logic, and social studies, among others. While most colleges do not ask students to complete a set of required courses for law school, there are certain classes and majors that can best prepare students for the rigors of this field of study. Business Students who are hoping to practice law in business-related areas, such as corporate law, real estate law, and tax will greatly benefit from early exposure to business studies. Business courses provide students with a strong command of business issues such as contracts, negotiations, and corporate structure. These courses require that students think critically and come up with solutions to intricate problems. This coursework can also be useful for students who expect to practice law in the areas of government regulation, business litigation, and aspects of representing nonprofits. A business major, in particular, covers many subjects that a student will encounter in law school. Courses within this major include reading, writing, contracts, and speaking, all courses that will provide a solid foundation for students ultimately seeking a law degree.  Many business courses also cover basic analytics skills. Relevant courses include accounting, finance, and negotiation. History, Government, and Politics   The legal profession requires basic knowledge of the government, as well as its history and processes. Courses in these subjects are advised so students have some understanding of the topics before beginning law school. These courses covering world history, government, jurisprudence, law and/or taxation are usually reading-intensive, which is also great preparation for law school. Economics Students who study economics will be required to apply logical thinking to their studies, as well as interpret and analyze complex data.  Students might consider taking courses that provide fundamentals of economics, history of economics, and those that tackle law and economics directly. English Literature and Composition A legal education will build on writing and analytical thinking, so courses that showcase a candidates ability to excel in these areas will look good on an undergraduate transcript. Students must show a strong command of the English language through writing, reading, and speaking. While most students will find that their writing styles will definitely change in law school, they still must work to strengthen their skills during the undergraduate years. English courses might include literature studies, logic and reasoning, philosophy, public policy, and writing. Political Science This is one of the more popular degrees for pre-law students. Political science degrees are designed to expose students to the intricate nature of a complex judicial system. Politics and law go hand in hand, and these courses teach students about how our laws are both structured and carried out. As a political science major, the pre-law student will learn how to speak in public. Students will learn about the Constitution and how it developed the foundations for our legal system, and how different courts operate. Along with developing an understanding of politics and law, students will also have the opportunity to write comparative papers on a variety of political issues.  These courses might include public policy, international politics, leadership studies, and even courses related to current events. Public Speaking Students who are not political science majors need to seek out courses that emphasize public speaking skills. While students can enroll in public speaking classes, they should also practice speaking in public or to a large group of people- theres a lot of that in law school. This includes both giving in-class presentations as well as other public speaking endeavors. Writing for speech is also a skill that needs to be honed, not just speaking. Students should consider classes in debate, public speaking, and speech writing. Additional Courses Disciplines that study human behavior can also be useful, including both psychology and sociology. They involve critical thinking and analysis, two valuable legal skills. Many students will also benefit from exploring courses in criminology, anthropology, and even religion. The bottom line is that students who want to prepare for law school should take courses that emphasize reading, writing, and critical thinking skills. Admissions officers look favorably on transcripts that show a student has both practiced these skills and has done well in courses that require them.   Two of the most important components of the law school application are the GPA and LSAT score. Both should be at or above the school’s averages to be a competitive candidate, and students can often distinguish themselves from a pack of applicants with similar testing scores provided they show a range of high-quality classes.

The Life of Jean-Paul Sartre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Life of Jean-Paul Sartre - Essay Example The years that followed marked the life of a man with great creativity, talent in writing, deep thinker and a man of strong political will and persuasion. All these characteristics coupled with his childhood experiences led to his astounding achievements through his plays, novels, books, essays and lectures. Sartre's childhood was filled with much bitterness and confusion. The first natural pain to deal with was having no father, after the first fifteen months of his life. Sartre was clearly hurt by the fact that he never had a chance to be acquainted with his father, and was never told anything significant about the relationship they had; whether his father had ever taken him "in his arms," or if he had even loved him (The Words 20). Sartre then grew up with his grandparents who were rather fond of him, or at least depicted that in their mannerisms (Experiential Influences, par. 5). However, he felt that it was just family "play-acting," and a "system" that "horrified" him. (The Words 84; 112; 222). Sartre also faced an identity crisis. Despite his family's claim of him being the "miracle child" and "wonder child," he saw himself as ugly. His peers had also given him that impression. He was short, small-built cross-eyed and awkward in stature. Added to this, his mother treated him like a girl, not allowing him to play the seemingly rough games that other males would play, and keeping his hair long. It was his belief that she had silently prayed for a girl (Experiential Experiences, par. 7). He also felt forced into a lifestyle of reading and writing, because that was what his grandfather Charles admired, having been a writer himself. It however became a pleasant escape for him from the unhappiness he experienced at home. In his autobiography The Words, he states that "By writing I was existing. I was escaping from the grown-ups." It also positively affected his intellectual development as he became familiar with famous authors of his time (qtd in Experiential Influences, par. 11). As if this was not enough for Sartre to deal with, he also suffered from ill health. He notes in his autobiography, The Words: Things would have been fine if my body and I had got on well together. But the fact is that we were an odd couple [] If he suffers bodily as a result of needs and sickness, his unjustifiable state justifies his existence. His right to live is based on hunger, on the constant danger of death. Breathing, digesting, defecating unconcernedly, I lived because I had begun to live. I was unaware of the violence and savage demands of that gorged companion, my body, which made itself known by a series of mild disturbances, much in demand among grown-ups [] I had almost died at birth (88). His father had actually been quite ill himself when he met Ann-Marie in 1904. At that time he was suffering from entercolitis, which he developed when he visited China. He however married her and soon after she became pregnant with his child, Jean-Paul Sartre. Sartre feels that his father's illness had a major role to play in his own illness. He describes in The Words how his mother had stayed up many nights worrying and had stopped breastfeeding him very soon because "her milk dried" (16). He was thus sent away nearby to be nursed. He meanwhile was ailing from enteritis. His mother's re-marriage had a negative effect on him as well. He felt alienated and lonely. Moreover, he was unhappy about having had to

Compare Australia's and Hong Kong's financial system - types of Essay

Compare Australia's and Hong Kong's financial system - types of financial products & services, importance of banks vs stock exch - Essay Example To begin with, Barnett et al. (2013) stated that Hong Kong and Australia’s financial sector bears some form of great similarities and a few insignificant differences, this is affirmed by the fact that various international banks such as Citibank operates in both countries thereby alluding to similarity in business operations and environment in both countries. Financial products and services in both countries are classified into personal and business categories (Viney and Phillips, 2012). Under both the personal and business categories, banks in both Australia and Hong Kong offer the depository and custodial services, whereby they accept deposits from customers and even grant them safe custody keeping for their valuable items. Secondly, the banks in these two countries also specialize in providing financial advice to the individual and business customers on matters to do with the banking, other investments, as well as insurance. Thirdly, these banks offer insurance services to their customers but it is important to note that most banks in Hong Kong have a subsidiary that specialize in offering insurance services. Fourthly, these banks also offer the services of mobile banking, which enable customers to do transactions from their mobile phones. The common products offered by banks in both countries to individuals and business are the provision of lending or credit facilities to the customers. The other key common products offered by the banks in both countries are credit and debit cards that allow business as well as individual customers to make payments without using liquid cash. Other products are cheque books, and travelers’ cheque. Relative importance of banks versus stock exchange as the source of industrial financing According to Siciliano (2003), banks as well as the stock exchange provide a source for industrial financing. In particular, banks issue industrial financing in the form of loans or overdrafts while the stock exchange provide for industrial financing through the selling of a company’s shares, which in turn earns the company additional capital for investments. The financial sector, which encompass the banking sector and the stock exchange in both Australia and Hong Kong are vibrant but Kelley et al (2008) noted that Hong Kong’s banking sector could be considered more vibrant since because Hong Kong is renowned an international banking center. Moreover, it plays host to numerous financial international financial institutions such as the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation. Additionally, Hong Kong has more than 156 licensed banks, 21 restricted banks, and 24 deposit-taking companies, and 61 representative offices of overseas banking institutions while Australia has only 56 banks, 103 credit unions, and 10 building societies (Australia Prudential Authority, 2011). This therefore means that the banks play a key role in the financial sector of Hong Kong and there is a relative importance of ba nks as the main source of industrial financing in the region as compared to Australia. Moreover, Genberg and Hui (2008) stated that Hong Kong has three different tiers of banking institutions that include licensed banks, restricted license bank, and deposit-taking companies, which means there is a wide variety of financing options from banks in Hong Kong that perhaps suit the needs of each kind

Chivalry??. . . . . . . . . Today?? :: essays research papers

Chivalry is usually known as a moral system or an honor code. It originated in the 12th century when kings ruled the country, as a code to make peace. Now there is no king or queen monarchy, now there’s that wonderful thing that we call the Government. If you were to ask me if chivalry existed today I’d have to say that there are some examples, but there sure aren’t as many as there used to be. Back in the time when King Arthur ruled a lot of the people were loyal to their king and their country. Now our wonderful crime, racism, and hate conquer all systems. Some ways that you might be able to say that chivalry still is around is perhaps clubs, such as, basketball teams or baseball teams. The teams as well as the fans have great loyalty to their team. The fans will wait outside for days to get tickets for the big game. People pay to see fights on Pay-Per-View. And if you ever go to a Hawks game I’ll guarantee you that their fans will â€Å"tell off† anyone that is saying anything bad about their beloved team!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Also another way that you would see chivalry today is in corporate businesses. For example, I work or 21st Century Telecom Inc. I do Technical Support. Anything that goes wrong with your Internet access or your e-mail devices, will be fixed by me. We are in a very corporate area, State and VanBuren, and when we have meetings about things that no one can tell the media, or other companies, such as mergers or special events. It seems that no one ever says anything negative. We are very dedicated to our job and sometimes you will catch one of our Administrators sleeping here over-night. Now if that isn’t dedication to your job, I don’t know what is!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another way that you could find chivalry today would be all the Unions. Chicago Unions have plenty of hard working men and women in all sorts of trades. They are very loyal and proud (most of them!) of their work that they have done. Then you get the people that just want their paycheck. Those are the types that really don’t show much loyalty or contribute much to their job.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some ways that you could say that there is not really chivalry in today’s society is the slowly disintegrating church.

Building Refurbishment and maintenance

A sustainable building is a building which is in its construction performs in an environmentally sound way, essentially in terms of energy and water efficiency and waste/pollution management. These key factors are the core of buildings sustainability after its maintenance. They also result in minimal environmental pollution hence no environmental risk Optimizing energy use:- With concerns for energy security increasing, it’s vital to consider the impact of greenhouse gases on world climate rising, therefore essential to find of reducing load, increase efficiency and utilize renewable energy resources.Considering the refurbished building both the restaurant and the bar. Backup power energy should be put into consideration, they include solar source, battery backup for the pool/snooker floor and both restaurant and bar. Energy usage should be shared according to the need of each floors need. Cabling of both the data and power cables should be done by professionals to avoid any f uture power problem including disaster in then building. Protect and conserve water:- In many parts of the country, fresh water is an increasingly scarce resource.A sustainable building should reduce control, or treat site-runoff, use water efficiently, and reuse or recycle water for on-site use when feasible. In the building the distribution of the water resource should also be based in each floors needs. Determining water consumption during the developing of a strategy for retaining water for re-use (commonly the water is re-used is toilet flushing, cooling towers or irrigation) (Taylor, 2006). The main bar and restaurant are a priority compared to the upper snooker and pool floor.It’s also vital to create a reservoir for the buildings water on top of the snooker/pool floor. This will enhance sustainability of then building in terms of water resource. Use of environmentally preferable products:- This sustainable building should be constructed of materials that will minimize life-cycle environmental impacts or hazard such as global warming, resource depletion, and human toxicity. The Executive order 13423 defines these environmentally preferable materials.They are products or services that have a minimal or reduced effect on human health and the environment when compared with competing products or services serving similar purpose. Thus, they contribute to improved worker safety and also health, reduced liabilities, reduced disposal costs, hence enhancing the buildings sustainability. Enhance indoor environmental quality:- The indoor environmental quality of the building has a significant impact on occupant health, comfort, and productivity.Therefore this intended sustainable building should maximize day lighting with appropriate ventilation and moisture control, no use of materials with high-Volatile Organic Compounds emissions. Additional consideration must be given to ventilation and filtration to mitigate chemical, biological, and radiological attac k in the general building. The building should also consider remedies to smokers in the bar and snooker /pool apartment and be able to ensure that no-smokers in and out of the building are not affected. This can be easily enhanced by creating a special room to cater for such customers.This room should be sealed and properly ventilated to avoid any air toxic pollution to the environment. The building should also meet requirements of environmental legislation, protect and enhance natural environment and protect human health and well being. Optimize operational and maintenance practices:- It’s also vital to incorporate operating and maintenance considerations into the refurbishing of this facility this will greatly contribute to improved working environments, higher productivity and reduced energy and resource costs.Designers should be encouraged to specify materials and systems that simplify or reduce maintenance requirements, such should require less water, energy, and toxic c hemicals and cleaners to maintain; and are cost-effective and reduce life-cycle costs hence enhancing sustainability if the building in general. In general ensuring the specification refurbished and maintained building takes account of economic, social and environmental issues and should set targets for key performance indicators, such as energy, water use and waste production minimized. .Reflective question My personal reflection of then research on adopting and maintaining a building such as this story building is varied in my view and understanding. They consecutively include:- Important issues:-It’s vital and important to consider energy, water, and environmental impacts of the building during refurbishment and maintenance. Energy enhances and ensures the buildings sustainability by providing necessary energy requirement for both the restaurant and the bar. A good measure for backup of energy also ensures the buildings sustainability.Water is a major consideration in any premise that is to be sustained for a long time. Ensuring that correct measures and precautions are taken to conserve this precious commodity will lead to the buildings sustainability. Environmental precautions from all harmful products are also a necessity to consider not only to sustain the building but also to ensure the safety of the people in the premise. Meaningful issues: – It was meaningful to establish a collaborate design model that enhances the buildings sustainability. I found out the benefits of documenting a maintenance policy becausecomprehensive maintenance policy will: facilitate compliance with relevant government policies and statutory requirements hence ensuring the buildings sustainability. Facilitate consistency in department of bar, restaurant and snooker/pool rooms, maintenance also promote effective maintenance and management practices among departmental asset and facility managers support the conduct of maintenance activities by service providers. Th e determination of condition standard ratings for building assets as per MMF policy requirement 2 is fundamental to the maintenance management process.The standards provide a clear statement of the level to which assets in the building must be maintained to meet service delivery needs. Condition standards: are the departmental maintenance strategies and plans Building Maintenance Policy, Strategy Development Maintenance Management Framework Guideline 5 element groups ( like superstructure, finishes, services) elements (like roof, external walls, floor finishes, lighting, air conditioning) sub-elements (like brick walls, distribution boards, ductwork, controls).are benchmarks against which building condition assessment results is evaluated (thus identifying the extent of any gap between desired and actual building condition) facilitate the analysis of actual condition over time (such as detection, monitoring and forward-projection of trends in building condition) hence, during the co ndition assessment process, maintenance service providers focus only on work required to bring up an asset to the specified condition (rather than unnecessarily identify work that may exceed departmental requirements).Determination of condition standards is more effective when undertaken by departmental teams involving: facility managers; asset user representative’s business managers; portfolio asset managers; and maintenance service providers. Good issues:- I also noted that assessing all possible uses of existing buildings, recycling buildings and spaces for reuse in the shortest practicable time, saves as much as possible of the existing infrastructure. Keeping records of what is there at the moment is important, prior to any demolition process.Decisive issues: – I also noted that the condition of a building refurbishing asset such as a building’s physical state of repair influences its physical and also functional performance. Its vital for a building to ass ign standard such: Condition standard rating, departmental maintenance, as before assigning a condition standard rating to a building asset, departments should carefully consider what they require of that asset (bar and Restaurant and the snooker/pool rooms). The ratings should begin with a review of department’s service delivery plan.This review determines: The criticality to service delivery, and the required function for each of the three building portfolio. (1) Assigning condition standard ratings (2) preparing a departmental maintenance strategy (3) developing a Strategic Maintenance Plan. Uncomfortable issues: – It was also worth and uncomfortable to note that finishes of building elements such as walls and coatings of certain equipment inside buildings can release toxic contaminants into air, causing air pollution especially indoors. Another problem of building use is the generation of solid waste and wastewater in this time of fewer water supplies.Conclusions T o conclude the refurbishing and maintenance of the three story building with a bar, restaurant and snooker/pool. It has been vehemently established that in refurbishing a building like this, to enhance its sustainability, one should consider the three main factors that include energy, water and environmental concerns of both the inhabitants and the neighbours, but also not neglecting other factors that lead to its sustainability that have been discussed above. Re-evaluation of the energy and water performance of each building that has been completed has to be implemented (Adelaide City Council, 2007).Therefore considering all this one will be able to refurbish, maintain and sustain a building. Sources Managing Your Environmental Responsibilities. ( 2005). A Planning Guide for Construction Development by U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Taylor, B. (2006. June), The ten key principles of green fire, White Paper, Melbourne: Adelaide City Council (2007), Environment projects, Acces sed from http://www. adelaidecitycouncil. com/scripts/nc. dll? ADCC:STANDARD::pc=PC_175 The State University of New York (2004). UB High Performance Building Guidelines by the University at Buffalo, the State University of New York

Why Are Transition Metals Called Transition Metals

Question: Why Are Transition Metals Called Transition Metals? Answer: Most of the elements on the Periodic Table are transition metals. These are elements that have partially filled d sublevel orbitals. Have you ever wondered why they are called transition metals? What transition are they undergoing? The term dates back to 1921, when English chemist Charles Bury referred to a transition series of elements on the periodic table with an inner layer of electrons that was in transition between stable groups, going from a stable group of 8 to one of 18, or from a stable group of 18 to one of 32. Today these elements are also known as d block elements. The transition elements all are metals, so they are also known as transition metals. While the metals get their names because of whats going on in their valence electron shell, its easiest for students to remember these elements act as a bridge between the highly metallic alkali metals and alkaline earths on the left side of the periodic table and the nonmetallic nonmetals, halogens, and noble gases on the right side of the periodic table. So, they transition between metallic and nometallic properties. Sources Bury, C. R. (1921). Langmuirs theory of the arrangement of electrons in atoms and molecules. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 43 (7): 1602–1609. doi:10.1021/ja01440a023Cotton, F. A.; Wilkinson, G. (1988). Inorganic Chemistry (5th ed.). Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-84997-1.Jensen, William B. (2003). The Place of Zinc, Cadmium, and Mercury in the Periodic Table. Journal of Chemical Education. 80 (8): 952–961. doi:10.1021/ed080p952

FIN515 Week 5 Problem Set Solutions Essay examples

10-4. You bought a stock one year ago for $50 per share and sold it today for $55 per share. It paid a $1 per share dividend today. a. What was your realized return? b. How much of the return came from dividend yield and how much came from capital gain? Compute the realized return and dividend yield on this equity investment. a. b. 10-20. Consider two local banks. Bank A has 100 loans outstanding, each for $1 million, that it expects will be repaid today. Each loan has a 5% probability of default, in which case the bank is not repaid anything. The chance of default is independent across all the loans. Bank B has only one loan of $100 million outstanding, which it also expects will be repaid today. It also has a 5% probability of not†¦show more content†¦The current share prices and expected returns of Apple, Cisco, and Colgate-Palmolive are, respectively, $500, $20, $100 and 12%, 10%, 8%. a. What are the portfolio weights of the three stocks in your portfolio? b. What is the expected return of your portfolio? c. Suppose the price of Apple stock goes up by $25, Cisco rises by $5, and Colgate-Palmolive falls by $13. What are the new portfolio weights? d. Assuming the stocks’ expected returns remain the same, what is the expected return of the portfolio at the new prices? Value a. b. New Price New Value c. d. Apple 600 500 12 300000 0.30 3.6 525 315000 0.315 3.78 Cisco 10000 20 10 200000 0.20 2 25 250000 0.25 2.5 Colgate 5000 100 8 500000 0.50 4 87 435000 0.435 3.48 Total 1000000 9.6 9.76 11-50. Suppose Autodesk stock has a beta of 2.16, whereas Costco stock has a beta of 0.69. If the risk-free interest rate is 4% and the expected return of the market portfolio is 10%, what is the expected return of a portfolio that consists of 60% Autodesk stock and 40% Costco stock, according to the CAPM? 12-26. Unida Systems has 40 million shares outstanding trading for $10 per share. In addition, Unida has $100 million in outstanding debt. Suppose Unida’s equity cost of capital is 15%, its debt cost of capital is 8%, and the corporate tax rate is 40%. a. What is Unida’s unlevered cost of

To an Athlete Dying Young Poem Analysis - 1084 Words

â€Å"To an Athlete Dying Young† begins with a very familiar image of victory, which is very easy for most readers to visualize because the image of victory has been seen by many people. Nearing the end of the poem, however, the poem’s image becomes less familiar or a bit ambiguous because it is unexpected. Housman believes dying young after achieving greatness or fame is the way to live, and the poem’s speaker attempts to convey the message of dying young to the runner ( ). The poem’s protagonist (the runner) also shares a few similarities and dissimilarities with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.. For instance, as we will shortly learn, both the runner and Dr. King did not live their full lives and passed away rather young; both accomplished great feats for their supporters; both will always be remembered positively; and both will never be forgotten. On the other hand, the runner will be remembered for a single great accomplishment, while King will be remembere d collectively for his service for underrepresented groups. In addition, Dr. King’s actions have inspired and impacted others to do good and carry out his dream. Also, the runner was celebrated by his entire community, while King was celebrated by, â€Å"All right-thinking people† due to his federal holiday in the United States (President 2). The events leading up to the death of both the runner and Dr. King show that both would have continued to do good later in their lives. A.E. Housman’s theory of dying young after achievingShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Poem An Athlete Dying Young 1352 Words   |  6 PagesSo many young athlete’s keep on their mind the fame, fortune, victories, and championships that come with being a good athlete. Some young athletes take hold of the feeling of being invincible and feel like they are on top of the world. 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Manangement Accounting 1 Free Essays

I hereby declare that the work in this assignment is my own except for quotations and summaries which have been duly acknowledged. __________________________________________ Name : SANTIRIKA A/P G. VEERAN Matrix No : 861109355388001 Date : 7 MARCH 2013 i ACKNOWLEDGMENT I would like to express my greatest gratitude to the people who have helped and supported me throughout my assignment. We will write a custom essay sample on Manangement Accounting 1 or any similar topic only for you Order Now I am equally grateful to my TUTOR: IZDIHAR B. BAHRIN @ MD. DAUD and E-TUTOR: BALDEV SINGH A/L PERTAB SINGH for his continuous support for the assignment. He gave me moral support and guided me in different matters regarding the topic. He had been very kind and patient while suggesting me the outlines of this assignment and correcting my doubts. I thank him for his overall supports. A special thank of mine goes to my colleague who helped me in completing the assignment exchanged their interesting ideas, thoughts, made this assignment easy and accurate. I wish to thank my parents for their undivided support and interest who inspired me and encouraged me to go my own way, without whom I would be unable to complete my assignment. At last but not the least I want to thank my friends who appreciated me for my work and motivated me and finally to God who made all the things possible. ii TABLE OF CONTENT DECLARATION i ACKNOWLEDGMENT ii |1. |INTRODUCTION ON THE COMPANY |6-12 | | |Introducing Dutch Lady | | | |Company Profile | | | |Corporate Vision | | | Corporate Mission | | | |SWOT ANALYSIS | | | |The Management Team Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad | | | |The Board of Directors Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad | | | |1. 1. 8 Brand products | | |2. |EXPLANATION OF THE FEATURES OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING INFORMATION |13-16 | | |Relevant | | | |Understandable | | | |Timely | | | |Comparable | | | |Reliable | | | |Complete | | |3. |ASSESSMENT OF ‘RELEVANT’ ACCOUNTING INFORMATION OVER THE TWO YEARS |17-18 | | |3. 1. 1 Financing | | | |3. 1. 2 Budgeting | | | |3. 1. 3 Inventories | | | |3. 1. 4 Growth | | |4. 0 |ASSESSMENT OF‘COMPARABLE’ ACCOUNTING INFORMATION OVER THE TWO YEARS |19-23 | | |4. 1. Comparable Statement of Financial position at 31 December 2010 | | | |4. 1. 2 Comparable Statement of Comprehensive income for the year ended 31 December 2009 and 2010 | | | |4. 1. 3 Comparable Statement of Change in equity for the year ended 31 December 2010 | | | |4. 1. 4 Comparison between cash Flow of Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad | | |5. 0 |SUMMARY |24 | |6. |REFERENCES |25 | [pic] 1. 0 INTRODUCTION ON THE COMPANY 1. 1. 1 Introducing Dutch Lady For generations, we at Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad have made it our business to supply quality dairy and infant nutrition products to the nation. Today Dutch Lady Malaysia ranks as the leading dairy producer in Malaysia. Generations of Malaysians have grown up on Dutch Lady dairy products. Remember that indispensable carton of Dutch Lady UHT Chocolate Milk that you always carried to school for recess time. Well, today a brand new generation of young consumers is spoilt for choice with our extensive new range of growing u p milk products. Dutch Lady 123 and 456 not only come enhanced with TT-Ratio Advance to aid in expanding your child’s attention span for better learning experience, it is also now fortified with 5 x DHA that is proven to aid in brain development. This range, together with Dutch Lady 6+ Growing up Milk, comes in the usual vanilla, honey and chocolate flavors’ that children enjoy most. While Dutch Lady Malaysia first established itself as a manufacturer of sweetened condensed milk, Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad’s extensive product range now spans from infant formula and growing up milk to fruit juice and yoghurt snacks. Every product innovation in our rapidly developing infant and child formula range is backed by extensive research both locally and internationally. Royal FrieslandCampina, our parent company in the Netherlands, is constantly funding efforts to investigate and discover ways to take your little one’s nutrition to the next level. The Dutch Lady range also extends far beyond familiar flagship products such as Dutch Lady UHT milk or Dutch Lady 123. Other delicious items from our company that may have found their way into your snack break at work – or even dessert at your favorite restaurant include JOY fruit juices, and the Low and 0% fat eating and drinking yoghurt range. The latter, in particular, represent Dutch Lady’s constant efforts to develop an increasing variety of enjoyable dairy-based treats for the entire family. It is quality products like these, created to meet discerning taste buds like yours that make Dutch Lady a leader and one of the nation’s most trusted names in dairy products. Read on and find out more about how we’ve spent more than 50 great years in Malaysia, growing up with the nation and helping the nation to grow up healthy. http://www. dutchlady. com. my/en/home. asp? page=privacysubpage=privacy_policy Retrieved: 23 February 2013 (3. 00pm) 1. 1. 2 Company Profile [pic] Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad (â€Å"Dutch Lady Malaysia†) is a leader in the quality branded dairy business in Malaysia. It was incorporated in 1963, and was the first milk company in Malaysia to be listed on Bursa Malaysia, the local Stock Exchange in 1968. Its holding company is Royal FrieslandCampina, a Dutch multinational corporation and one of the largest milk companies in the world. Permodalan Nasional Berhad is the second largest shareholder in the Company. Dutch Lady Malaysia manufactures and sells a wide range of quality dairy products and fruit juices for the home and export market such as Infant Formula, Growing-up Milk, Powdered Milk, Condensed Milk, UHT Milk, Sterilised Milk, Pasteurised Milk, Cultured Milk, Yoghurt and Fruit Juice Drinks. The Company’s dairy products have a strong consumer following and are represented by strong brands such as Dutch Lady, Frisolac, Friso, Completa, Omela and Joy. The Company believes in product innovation and is well supported by its holding company, Royal FrieslandCampina. The Company constantly strives to improve its processes in order to deliver nutritious products of high quality to its consumers. It was the first company in the world to introduce a growing up milk powder specifically formulated for children from ages one to three. These products are currently marketed in Malaysia as Dutch Lady 123 and Dutch Lady 456. Besides supporting local industries by using substantial amount of local ingredients in its products, Dutch Lady Malaysia is also the largest purchaser of local fresh milk from the Veterinary Services Department. This is done via the Company’s Dairy Development Programme, carried out in collaboration with the DVS with the assistance of the Netherlands Embassy. The quality of the Company’s products is paramount. Quality Control and Quality Assurance are prime considerations. In line with this, the Company has continually been accredited with ISO 9001 certification since 1995. Strong emphasis is also placed on food safety with HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) System covering all its plants. In addition, the Company also has in place ISO 14001 Environment Management System and OHSAS 18001 (Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series). The Company’s products are all halal-certified. Dutch Lady Malaysia’s annual revenue in 2009 is RM692 million. The Company’s factory is located in Petaling Jaya and it employs 600 Malaysians. Currently, Dutch Lady Malaysia is the market leader in key milk categories such as UHT milk, Sterilised milk and Growing-Up Milk. In addition to Dutch Lady Malaysia, Royal FrieslandCampina has three other companies in Malaysia, namely FrieslandCampina Business Development Unit, CPI Sdn Bhd, a regional operational headquarters, FrieslandCampina Service Centre Asia Pacific Sdn Bhd, an MSC-certified SAP competence centre and FrieslandCampina Domo Asia, a sales representative office for its ingredients business. Royal FrieslandCampina is a multinational that produces and markets natural, nutritious and high-quality dairy products and ingredients. Taste, health, convenience and reliability are key characteristics. Based on the figures of 2008, FrieslandCampina’s annual revenue amounts to 9. 5 billion euros. The company employs 21,000 people and has about 100 production and sales locations in 25 different countries. FrieslandCampina organises its activities into four business groups: Consumer Products Europe, Consumer Products International, Cheese Butter and Ingredients. The product range consists of consumer milk, milk in powder and concentrated form, dairy drinks, yoghurts, desserts, cream, coffee creamers, baby and infant food, cheese, butter and ingredients. Its most important brands are Campina, Chocomel, Completa, Dutch Lady, Frisian Flag, Foremost, Betagen, Friesche Vlag, Fruttis, Fristi, Vifit, Landliebe, Milli, Mona, Optimel, Optiwell, Puddis, Pottyos, Fruttis, NoyNoy, Peak, Rainbow, Yazoo, Appelsientje, DubbelFrisss, CoolBest, Debic, Frico, Milner, Buttergold, Valess, DMV, Kievit, Domo, Creamy Creation and Nutrifeed. The business is based on a cooperative model. The 16,000 member dairy farmers of Zuivelcooperatie FrieslandCampina are the owners and the suppliers of the milk. †¢ http://www. dutchlady. com. my/en/home. asp? page=privacysubpage=privacy_policy Retrieved: 23 February 2012 (3. 00pm) 1. 1. 3 Corporate Vision ? To further strengthen our position as the leading dairy company, driving growth. 1. 1. 4 Corporate Mission ? Helping Malaysians move forward in life with trusted dairy nutrition. 1. 15 SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTHS |WEAKNESSES | |The strong foundation and reputation from Greenfield shops |Has not yet fully exploited the role of retailers | |The intimate relationship with retailers |Retailer’s nutritional knowledge is limited | |Positive response from retailers |Lack of long-term strategy | |Closely link with Vietnamese shopping culture |Focus more on sales rather than images | |A preferred POP for shoppers |Not yet established a remarkable and standardized identity | |OPPORTUNITIES |THREATS | |Build a sustainable business relationship with retailers |Development of modern channels. |Utilize retailers to convey DLV image |Government’s open-door policy | |Encourage shoppers to switch brands |Fierce competition | |Reinforce DL shops image and performance |Shoppers and retailers are becoming more sophisticated and less loyal| 1. 1. 6 The Management Team Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad [pic] †¢ http://www. dutchlady. com. my/en/home. asp? page=privacysubpage=privacy_policy Retrieved: 23 February 2013 (3. 00pm) 1. 1. 7 The Board of Directors Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad [pic ] | |[pic] | |[pic] |[pic] | |[pic] |[pic] | |[pic] |[pic] | | |[pic] | http://www. dutchlady. com. my/en/home. asp? page=privacysubpage=privacy_policy Retrieved: 23 February 2013 (3. 00pm). 1. 1. 8 Brand products [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] http://www. dutchlady. com. my/en/home. asp? age=privacysubpage=privacy_policy Retrieved: 23 February 2013 (3. 00pm) 2. Explanation of the features of management accounting information There is general agreement that, before it can be regarded as useful in satisfying the needs of various user groups, accounting information should satisfy the following criteria: 1. Relevant That definition of relevance is more explicit than the dictionary meaning of relevance as bearing on or relating to the matter in hand. As alluded to earlier, prior knowledge of information may diminish its value but not its relevance and, hence, its usefulness, for it is information’s ability to â€Å"make a difference† that makes it relevant to a decision. To be relevant to investors, creditors, and others for investment, credit, and similar decisions, accounting information must be capable of making a difference in a decision by helping users to form predictions about the outcomes of past, present, and future events or to confirm or correct expectations† Statements about relevance of financial statement information must answer the question â€Å"relevant to whom for what purpose? † For information to be judged relevant, an object to which it is relevant must always be understood: Predictive Value And Feedback Value – To be relevant, information must have predictive value or feedback value or both. Information can make a difference to decisions by improving decision makers’ capacities to predict or by confirming or correcting their earlier expectations. Usually, information does both at once, because knowledge about the outcome of actions already taken will generally improve decision makers’ abilities to predict the results of similar future actions. Without knowledge of the past, the basis for a prediction will usually be lacking. Without an interest in the future, knowledge of the past is sterile. To say that accounting information has predictive value is not to say that in itself it constitutes a prediction. Timeliness – To be relevant, information also must be timely. Timeliness means â€Å"having information available to a decision maker before it loses its capacity to influence decisions†. Information that is not available when it is needed or becomes available only long after it has value for future action is useless. 2. understandable For accounting and financial information to be useful, it must be presentable in a format that the users of accounting information understand. Accounting is a medium of communicating financial information about the affairs of a business. Therefore, accounting information should pass the basic tests or requirements of a normal communication medium. Basics in communication dictate that if the message being transmitted by the sender to the receiver is not understood, then no communication has taken place. Accounting information must be understandable by its target users if meaning is to be gleaned from it. It must also be understandable if accounting information is to be useful in supporting decisions made by users of accounting information. 3. Timely Information which is relevant and reliable and which passes the materiality test may lose its relevance if there is undue delay in it being reported. Thus, the time available to gather and report financial information is a constraint on providing relevant information. There may, on occasion, be a need to weigh the relative merits of timely reporting and the provision of relevant and reliable financial information. Application of the reporting period convention can often lead to the need to report before all aspects of a transaction or event are known. This can limit the availability of relevant information and have an impact upon reliability. Conversely, reporting is delayed until all facts are known this may be too late for users who have to make decisions in the interim. The need for timely reporting raises questions for standard-setters, preparers, auditors and regulators about the desirable frequency of general purpose financial reporting and the length of time that ought to be allowed to elapse between the reporting date and the date when general purpose financial reports are made available to users. 4. Comparable Comparing alternative investment or lending opportunities is an essential part of most, if not all, investment or lending decisions. Investors and creditors need financial reporting information that is comparable, both for single enterprises over time and between enterprises at the same time. Comparability is a quality of the relationship between two or more pieces of information â€Å"the quality of information that enables users to identify similarities in and differences between two sets of economic phenomena† . Comparability is achieved if similar transactions and other events and circumstances are accounted for similarly and different transactions and other events and circumstances are accounted for differently. Comparability has been the subject of much disagreement among accountants. Some have argued that enterprises and their circumstances are so different from one another that comparability between enterprises is an illusory goal, and to include it as an aim of financial reporting is to promise to investors and creditors something that ultimately cannot be delivered. In that view, the best that can be hoped for is that individual enterprises will use their chosen accounting procedures consistently over time to permit comparisons with other enterprises and those honorable auditors will be able to attest to the consistent application of â€Å"generally accepted accounting principles† Today, with the objectives of financial reporting focused on decision making, comparability is one of the most essential and desirable qualities of accounting information. Investors and creditors can no longer be expected to tolerate blanket claims of differences in circumstances to justify undue use of alternative accounting procedures. Only actual differences in transactions and other events and circumstances warrant different accounting. 5. Reliable The accounting information presented in financial statements should be reliable. For example, the accounts should make a faithful representation of the business affairs. Accountants and the business should not attempt to mislead users or to deliberately ignore or omit certain information from the accounts if users are going to make informed decisions. Reliability is the quality of information that permits users to depend on it with confidence. This means it is verifiable, has faithful representation, and is reasonably free of errors and bias. Representational faithfulness refers to correspondence or agreement between a measure or description and the phenomenon that it purports to represent. That means the numbers and descriptions represent what really existed or happened. Verifiability refers to the ability, through consensus among measurers, to ensure that information represents what it purports to represent or that the chosen method of measurement has been used without error or bias. Neutrality means that, in formulating or implementing standards, the primary concern should be the relevance and reliability of the information and the information cannot be selected to favor one set of decision makers over another. 2. 1. 6 Complete Completeness of information is an important aspect of representational faithfulness, and thus of reliability, because if financial statements are to faithfully represent an enterprise’s financial position and changes in financial position, none of the significant financial functions of the enterprise or its relationships can be lost or distorted. Completeness is defined as â€Å"the inclusion in reported information of everything material that is necessary for faithful representation of the relevant phenomena†. Financial statements are incomplete, and therefore not representational faithful, if, for example, an enterprise owns an office structure but reports no â€Å"building† or similar asset on its balance sheet. Although completeness implies showing what is material and feasible, it must always be relative. Financial statements cannot show everything or they would be prohibitively expensive to provide. http://www. google. com. my/search? sourceid=navclientaq=3oq=Management+accounting Retrieved: 23 February 2013 (3. 00pm) 3. Assessment of ‘relevant’ accounting information over the two years. 3. 1. 1 Financing Accounting data is used by your company and potential investors to determine funding needs for the organization. Your company analyzes revenue to determine how much money would be available to fund upcoming projects. If there is a gap in revenue, then you know that you need to seek out funding. Potential investors and lenders look at your assets and liabilities to determine if your company is a safe investment or not. For example: â€Å"For the purposes of these financial statements, parties are considered to be related to the Company if the Company has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the party or exercise significant influence over the party in making financial and operating decisions, or vice versa, or where the Company and the party are subject to common control or common significant influence. Related parties may be individuals or other entities. Key management personnel are defined as those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the Company either directly or indirectly. The key management personnel include all the Directors of the Company, and members of senior management of the Company. † http://www. dutchlady. com. my/sharedfiles/financial/files/DL_AnnualReport_2009 2010. pdf Retrieved: 1 March 2013 (10. 00pm) 3. 1. 2 Budgeting The constant flow of accounting data relevant to income, purchases, investments and overhead is critical in creating the budget for the coming year. The information gathered by the accounting department is used as a baseline to gauge actual performance for the year and understand the basic costs of company operations. Sales projections for the next fiscal year are added to the accounting data to create the company’s budgets. 3. 1. 3 Inventory Maintaining proper inventory levels is important in keeping track of assets and income as inventory gets purchased, stored in the warehouse and then sold to clients. The accounting department keeps a close eye on the cost of incoming inventory, how much it costs to finance that inventory until it is sold and the income realized when the product is sold to a customer. All of that information is relevant to determining how profitable your organization is and where changes can be made to lower the costs of inventory. For example:†Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value. The cost of inventories is measured based on the first-in first-out principle and includes expenditure incurred in acquiring the inventories, production or conversion costs and other costs incurred in bringing them to their existing location and condition. In the case of finished goods, cost includes an appropriate share of production overheads based on normal operating capacity. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. † http://www. dutchlady. com. my/sharedfiles/financial/files/DL_AnnualReport_2009 2010. pdf Retrieved: 1 March 2013 (10. 00pm) 3. 1. 4 Growth Company growth is carefully outlined in the organizational business plan. When the company plans its growth, it first looks at historical accounting data to determine trends in revenue production and understand how the company spends money. Accounting information is critical in determining how much the company can take on in liabilities and costs as it tries to make the right decisions on how to expand profitability. For example : â€Å"No contingent liability or other liability of the Company has become enforceable, or is likely to become enforceable within the period of twelve months after the end of the financial year which, in the opinion of the Directors, will or may substantially affect the ability of the Company to meet its obligations as and when they fall due. In the opinion of the Directors, except for the impairment loss on property, plant and equipment of RM12, 308,000 as disclosed in the Note 12 to the financial statements, the financial performance of the Company for the year ended 31 December 2010 have not been substantially affected by any item, transaction or event of a material and unusual nature nor has any such item, transaction or event occurred in the interval between the end of that financial year and the date of this report. † http://www. dutchlady. com. my/sharedfiles/financial/files/DL_AnnualReport_2009 2010. pdf Retrieved: 1 March 2013 (10. 00pm) 4. Assessment of ‘comparable’ accounting information over the two years. 4. 1. 1 Comparable Statement of Financial position at 31 December 2010 Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad | Statement Of Financial Position at 31 December 2010 | | | | | | | |31. 12. 2010 |31. 12. 2009 |1. 1. 009 | | |RM’000 |RM’000 |RM’000 | | | |Restated |Restated | | Assets | | | | |Property, plant and equipment |69,803 |82,327 |61,334 | |Intangible assets |3,443 |4,879 |5,664 | | |   |    | | |73,246 |87,206 |66,998 | | | | | | |Total non-current assets | | | | |Inventories |72,722 |57,552 |74,902 | |Trade and other receivables |75,176 |94,369 |122,858 | |Prepayments |689 |131 |20 | |Cash and cash equivalents |85,657 | 4 1 ,732 |23,792 | |Total current assets |234,244 |193,784 |221,572 | |Total assets |307,490 |280,990 |288,570 | | | | | | |EQUITY | | | | |Share capital |64,000 |64,000 |64,000 | |Retained profits |133,472 |115,985 |97,585 | |Total equity |197,472 |179,985 |161 ,585 | | |   |   |   | |Liabilities | | | | |Deferred tax liabilities |3,757 | 4,1 5 0 |2,300 | |Total non-current liabilities |3,757 | 4,1 5 0 |2,300 | | | | | | |Total non-current liabilities | | | | |Trade and other payables |99,638 |91,905 |120,080 | |Provision |348 |283 |247 | |Current tax liabilities |6,275 |4,667 |4,358 | |    |   |   | | |106,261 | 96,855 |124,685 | | |110,018 |101,005 |126,985 | | |307,490 |280,990 |288,570 | 4. 1. 2 Comparable Statement of Comprehensive income for the year ended 31 December Comprehensive income is the change in equity (net assets) of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. The statement of comprehensive income illustrates the financial performance and results of operations of a particular company or entity for a period of time. 2009 and 2010 Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad Statement Of Comprehensive income for the year ended 31 December 2010 | | | | | | |2010 |2009 | | |RM’000 |RM’000 | | | | | |Revenue |710,588 |691,847 | |Cost of sales |(447,961) |(462,51) | |GROSS PROFIT |262,627 |229,337 | |Other income |1,147 |1,561 | |Distribution expenses |(106,091) |(98,697) |Administrative Expenses |(22,657) |(19,048) | |Other expenses |(45,805) |(31,122) | | | | | |Result From Operating Activities |89,221 |82 ,031 | |Interest income |883 |451 | |Finance Costs |- |(1) | | |90,104 |82,481 | | | | | |Income Tax expenses |(26,217) |(22,081) | |PROFIT FOR THE YEAR |63,887 |60,400 | |OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME |- |- | |TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE FOR THE YEAR |63,887 |60,400 | |BASIC EARNINGS PER ORDINARY SHARE (SEN) |99. 80 |94. 40 | EARNINGS PER ORDINARY SHARE Basic earnings per ordinary share:- The calculation of basic earnings per ordinary share at 31 December 2010 was based on the profit attributable to ordinary shareholders and a weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding, calculated as follows: 2009 RM’000 Profit for the year =60,400 Weighted average number of ordinary shares of RM1 each in issue (‘000) = 64,000 Basic earnings per share (sen) = 94. 40 2010 RM’000 Profit for the year =63,887 Weighted average number of ordinary shares of RM1 each in issue (‘000) =64,000 Basic earnings per share (sen) = 99. 80 4. 1. 3 Comparable Statement of Change in equity for the year ended 31 December 2010 Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad Statement of Change in equity for the year ended 31 December 2010 | | | |Distributable | | | |Share Capital |Retained |Total equity | | | |Profit | | | |RM’000 |RM’000 |RM’000 | |At 1 January 2009 |64,000 |97,585 |161,585 | |Total comprehensive income for the year | – |60,400 |60,400 | |Dividends to owners of the Company | –   | (42,000) | (42,000) | | | | | | |At 31 December 2009/ 1 January 2010 |64,000 |115,985 |179,985 | |Total comprehensive income for the year |- |63,887 |63,887 | |Dividends to owners of the Company |-   | (46,400) | (46,400) | | |64,000 |133,472 |197,472 | 4. 1. 4 Comparison between cash Flow of Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad Net cash provided from operation activities: In 2010, net cash generated from operation activities is RM98, 389,000 but in 2009, net cash generated from operation activities is RM89, 377,000 which indicates net cash provided from operation activities is increased from 2009 to 2010 and it can be good sign. Because the most important category of cash flow is operating activity and it reflects the day to day operation that determine the future of an organisation. Cash flow operating activities should be main source of cash. Net cash used in investing activities: Net cash used in investing has increased from 2009 to 2010. For 2009 ,this amount is RM29,436,000 but for 2010 ,this amount is RM8064,000 which indicates company has gain more long-term asset in 2009. Net cash used in financing activities: For 2010, this amount is RM46, 4000,000 and for 2009 this amount is RM42, 001,000 it indicates that in 2010, company paid more interest and dividend in comparison with 2009. Generally, cash and cash equivalent has increased from 2009 to 2010 by RM43, 925,000. Cash flow of Dutch Lady Milk Berhad is healthy because main source of cash is operation activity and investing activities did not create cash which indicate company did not sell of its long-term assets. Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents included in the statement of cash flow comprise the following statement of financial position amounts:- 010 2009 RM ‘000 RM’000 Cash at bank and on hand 46657 23,732 Deposits placed with a licensed bank 39000 18000 |85,657 41,732 | | | 5. SUMMARY A financial statement can be well defined as a formal record of any business’, individual, or entity’s financial activities. All the important information of a business e nterprise is presented in the financial statements as these are easy to understand because of their structured presentation. These statements might, however, get complex for large corporations and might also include a wide-ranging set of notes to financial statements explaining about the financial policies, management discussion, and analysis. The main aim of financial statements is providing info about the financial position, performance, and variations in the financial position of a business enterprise. The financial statements of any business entity should be relevant, understandable, reliable, and comparable. An understandable financial statement helps business entity’s stakeholders to get reasonable knowledge about the business and its economic activities. As far as financial statements are easy to understand, this helps investors to make investment decisions in the company From a management accounting point of view the primary purpose of management is to make decisions that may be classified as marketing, production, and financial. The tactical decisions which must be preceded by strategic decisions provide the historical data from which the accountant prepares financial statements. In addition to being statements summarizing historical transactions, financial statements may be regarded as a descriptive model for decision making. Every item or element on the financial statements is the result of a decision or decisions. For each decision, there exists a management accounting tool that may be used to make a good decision. However, the management accounting tools can be used only if the management accountant is successful in providing the information demanded by the particular tool. 6. REFERENCES OUM Module March 2011, BBFA2203 ( INTERMEDIATE FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING 1 Topic 4) Retrieved: 20 February 2013 (11. 45am) †¢ http://www. dutchlady. com. my/en/home. asp? page=privacysubpage=privacy_policy Retrieved: 23February 2013 (3. 00pm) †¢ http://tutor2u. net/business/accounts/accounting_information_characteri stics. htm Retrieved: 23 February 2013 (3. 00pm) †¢ http://www. readyratios. com/reference/accounting/financial_statement. html Retrieved: 23 February 2013 (3. 00pm) †¢ http://www. bookkeeping-financial-accounting-resources. com/accounting-information. html Retrieved: 25 February 2013 (9. 10pm) †¢ http://www. dutchlady. com. my/sharedfiles/financial/files/DL_AnnualReport_2009. pdf Retrieved: 1 March 2013 (10. 00pm) How to cite Manangement Accounting 1, Essay examples

Corporate Collaboration Profitability and Revenue

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Collaborationfor Profitability and Revenue. Answer: Introduction The world of today is a competitive one with many companies striving to achieve the maximum profitability and revenue. Companies are looking forward to device plans and ideas, which can help him to identify the key areas, which support the ideas of profit maximization and revenue collection and thus help the companies to perform better. There are many ways, which help the companies to achieve their target and be at par with the other competitors in the market. The ways include many options like overseas expansion, restructuring the organizational structure and collaborating with other competitors to gain business edge. Collaborating with other companies or the competitors can prove to be one of the most efficient ways to achieve the target and thus be ahead of the competition in the market. This essay explores the scope of collaboration in the corporate sector. It examines and discusses the benefits, advantages as well as disadvantages of collaborating in the corporate sector. The wr ite up analyses the ways through which more revenues can be generated with the help of collaboration, the hindrances or the obstacles that gets in the way and the ways through which the benefits can be achieved sooner for the company. The essay also discusses how the rainmakers can profit from the collaboration and how collaborations help in organizing for higher value work. The professional service firms who are operating in the technological or other sophisticated field, facing various complex issues in client management prospective. However, the collaboration among the managers can minimize the complexities and approach towards the higher profitability state. The clients of such firms also prefer to see the corporate encouraging the collective expertise among them and the loyalty of the clients also depends on that[1]. In the firms perspective the collaboration is beneficial as of competitive advantages pursuance. Whereas, according to the organizational people prospective, it is not quantifiable and accrues in slow rate. Thus, organizational collaboration is hard to implement among the senior and junior managers and such practice groups. The financial settlement of multidisciplinary collaboration is instantly recognizable in a firm. Thus, the concept of client engagement can be evaluated in the context of corporate collaboration and relate to the annual revenue generation of the firm. The study by Gardner shows that, the greater the annual average revenue the client generates. The discussion on the corporate collaboration also includes the cross-specialty work which cannot be subjected to the price-based competition of the market. However, the client of a firm considers the single specialty since they feel it hard to work in cross-specialty context[2]. However, the clients of various companies prefer to communicate with different offices structured as different countries. The research shows that, both individuals and the corporate leaders need to lower the complexities and barriers to successfully collaborate among the different divisions and the partners. In the professional services organizations, the senior executives who use to manage higher responsibilities along with the authority engage more organizational people in the collaborative works. The collaboration is managed through the multidisciplinary projects to build loyalty approaching to switch barriers among the various departments and the corporate partners. The study by Gardner shows that, there is always a chance of generating more revenue by collaboratively operating in many countries and handling with seamless services for the global clients[3]. However, the benefits to individuals can be assessed with the collaboration in corporate level in the firms. A corporate life use to have cooperation among the colleagues in a particular organization. Thus, the collaborative working environment is needed. The team work can minimize the complexity in business operations and also it can influence the individual skills set with the knowledge sharing context and the learning processes[4]. The collaboration among the team members and the executive can lead to acquire and share expertise in a specific field of work in an organization[5]. However, not all the colleagues can be managed to implement collaboration among them for this purpose. In this case, the preference of the client towards the expertise should be focused to engage people for the collaboration management. Along with that, the referral by the colleagues for few clients can be utilized with the help of collaboration in corporate level. Hence, the organizational people should i mplement collaboration among them to get individual benefits[6]. The collaboration among the corporate in a firm should be increasingly acknowledged as for the importance of the sustainability concerned for business practices. The corporate collaboration focuses on the orientation of the critical tasks and the complexity of work performances of the employees by reaching the common ethical grounds. The collaboration can be subjected by the interpersonal competence and the strategic management of the senior executive of a firm[7]. The cross-sector partnership also enables the professional services organizations to involve in specific conditions and develop various sustainable strategies to serve their business clients with proper support. However, the restrictive market conditions also affect the collaboration in the different departments of an organization and hence influence the supportive services for the clients[8].The collaboration among the business partners and the executive of an organization raises the profile of the organization in front of the clients and the individuals involves in the client servicing also gets benefited with the professional evaluation in their career. The cross business operations among the clients and the organization may raise the context of risk in the agreements and the business processes. The clients of a business generally focus on the profitability position of the firms along with the honesty in business deals and the prospective opportunities in from the business processes. The organization can ensure their clients with the help of the organizational representative and their positive personality which can be developed with the strategic collaboration among the managers and the executives. The organizational structure and the compensation strategies should be aligned with the motivational approaches to the employees to implement collaboration among them[9]. A successful collaboration can only be achieved with the help of the contribution and participation of employees of the company and the management. The company can perform to its optimum capacity only if the employees and the management can work together at peace. In order for a collaboration to be successful, all the cogs in the machinery of a corporate set up should work properly. The hindrances that may come in the way of a successful collaboration are many. They are the following: A negative environment in the corporate set up can damage the collaborative process and environment. If the employees of the company are suspicious and complex, then the process of collaboration becomes a little difficult. If the employees of the company lacks trust and indulges in autocratic individual meritocracy, then a successful collaboration can never be achieved[10]. The own interest of the employees of the company often come in the way of a successful collaboration. The individual personality of the employees often act as a barrier to the completion of a successful completion of collaboration. The lack of competence, and the presence of individualistic point of views often prove to be a hindrance in the path of a collaboration. The personal agendas of the employees of the company can prove to be an obstacle for a successful collaboration. The protection of each individual units can result in an incomplete or unsuccessful collaboration[11]. Employees of a company are often intolerant to the varied perspectives from their own. The mentality, the socio-economic culture and the boundaries often dictate the perspectives of the employees of the company. The benefits of a successful collaboration are many. Once implemented, the collaboration can bring in huge amount of changes in the corporate set up. The huge amount of impact that the collaboration brings in the company can affect the employees as well as the management of the company. The collaboration can bring in a whole range of benefits to the company. They include financial benefits, human capital, physical capital, intellectual capital and development of new processes[12]. The financial benefits include the increase in the export or domestic sales, reduction in costs by sharing resources, and winning larger contracts by submitting a joint tender. The benefits to the employees of the company include safeguarding the jobs, increasing employment, give confidence to staff motivation and consist of building up the abilities and skills of the employees. Information sharing, engaging in collaborative research and development, all can benefit the intellectual capital of a business. T he company can develop new processes for helping the company achieve the maximum profitability and productivity. Increasing the knowledge of the marketplace can help the company to identify the new potential customers and give them an added advantage for competing more efficiently[13]. Rainmakers are the individuals who bring in money, clients or respect to a company based on solely his association. He is a person who brings in new scope of business or new business to a particular company and wins new accounts almost surrealistically. The rainmakers help the company to find new work and new projects, which help the company to move forward and help them to achieve their potential and target revenue. The rainmakers help the companies to collaborate and achieve their ultimate objective of staying ahead of the competitive race. The main purpose of the rainmakers is to bring in business to the organization. In this process, the rainmaker can bring in various businesses and collaboration to the company. With the collaboration, the organization can benefit greatly and thus the rainmakers too can benefit from the profit of the company[14]. Collaboration can be existent between two companies as well as amongst the employees of the company. The company can be divided into two broad sectors to achieve the desired result. The company can act as a coach to help with lowering the cultural barriers and they can act as architects so that the structural barriers are lowered. The leaders, who want to imbibe a culture of collaboration, should help the employees of the organization to model the correct behavior by contributing to the client work and by sharing the credit with the other participants. The top leaders of the company can take simple steps that allow them to garner more connections. By acting as an architect, the people or the leaders of the company can help bring in structural changes in the company to help with the collaboration. By bringing in new structural changes into the company, the collaboration can be successfully implemented into the organization. A successful collaboration needs to be identified and rewarde d sufficiently. Ability to learn from the collaboration as well as benefit the organization are two key requirements that a company has to deduce from a collaboration. The research has focused on the dialects of corporate collaboration for the business organizations and the study has incorporated with various journals based on practical research experiences. The study concludes that, the corporate collaboration is not only beneficial for the organization, but also for the individuals working there. The study also concludes that, the collaboration is needed to be implemented to enhance the culture of quality work and immediate benefits with effective growth. References: Adner, Ron, Joanne E. Oxley, and Brian S. Silverman, eds. "Collaboration and competition in business ecosystems."Collaboration and Competition in Business Ecosystems. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2013. iii. Crane, Andrew, and Dirk Matten.Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press, 2016. Cummings, Thomas G., and Christopher G. Worley.Organization development and change. Cengage learning, 2014. Gardner, Heidi K. "When Senior Managers Won't Collaborate Lessons from professional services firms."Harvard Business Review93.3 (2015): 74-82. Harris, Frances, and Fergus Lyon. "Transdisciplinary environmental research: Building trust across professional cultures."Environmental Science Policy31 (2013): 109-119. 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